''Panch Gavya Ghrita''

Traditional ayurvedic system provides group of herbal products named as “Medhya Rasayanas’’ to treat mental illness and to improve cognition. Various herbal dosage forms such as Swaras [Expressed juice], Kalka [Herbal paste], Choorna [Powders], Taila, Ghrita [Medicated oils] and Asav-arista [Medicated fermented drugs] have been prescribed. Amongst them medicated ghee is the foremost form of medicine administered in routine clinical practice. This dosage form is having its own importance as the selective extraction of active principles in lipid base is carried out. These lipophilic medicines might cross blood brain barrier showing desired effects on CNS. Therefore helps to regularize functions of brain and in management of manifestations of mental disorders.

Pancha Gavya Ghrita [PGG] a medicated ghee formulation stated in Ayurvedic manuscripts with slight variation in their ingredients as well as therapeutic indications. Ayurvedic classics quoted preparation method of PGG by using five cow products [Cow ghee, Cow milk, Cow urine, Cow dung juice and Cow curd]. It is indicated in treatment of mental illness. Ayurvedic and modern science literature revealed the properties of each cow products in very elaborative manner.  Preparation of PGG is well narrated by taking equal quantity of five cow products. Standard method of preparation of PGG and preparation of cow dung juice is nicely elucidated in recently published government books AFI. Testing parameters for analysis of PGG has made clear in Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia of India. Earlier research works interpreted standardization of PGG and reported of various pharmacological activities different experiments.